Possible Characteristics of FASD
While every person with FASD is unique, some common characteristics include (CDC, 2024; Mattson, SN et al., 2019; Waite, D & Burd, L., 2023):
Physical
Differences in body weight, coordination, vision or hearing, or conditions affecting the heart, kidneys, or bones.
Learning
Difficulties with memory, speech and language development, and learning that may benefit from individualized educational support.
Behavioral
Differences in attention, impulse management, emotional regulation, and executive functioning — all of which respond well to consistent, supportive environments.
Sensory
Strong eating preferences, sensitivity to certain textures, and heightened or reduced sensitivity to auditory, visual, or physical stimuli.
Social
Differences in reading social cues, navigating peer relationships, and social communication — areas where structured support can make a meaningful difference.
Strengths and Positive Traits
Research shows that family members often describe individuals with FASD as having a range of strengths and positive qualities (Kautz-Turnbull, C et al., 2022). Common strengths include being loving, forming strong family connections, being sociable, showing trust, warmth, energy, and creativity (Kautz-Turnbull, C et al., 2022).
Every person with FASD is unique.
Similar or Co-Occurring Conditions
People with FASD sometimes receive incorrect diagnoses because FASD characteristics can appear similar to other conditions such as autism or ADHD (CDC, 2024). It is also possible for someone with FASD to have more than one diagnosable condition — in fact, nearly 9 in 10 people with FASD have at least one co-occurring condition (Weyrauch, D et al., 2017), such as:
Anxiety
Depression
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Bipolar Disorder
Sensory Processing Disorder
Oppositional Defiance Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Source: FASD United FASD Basics Fact Sheet, published March 2025.